Ethics Policy

To strengthen the academic integrity of the Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications, regulate the writing, submission, review, and publication processes, and prevent academic misconduct, this journal has established ethical guidelines for authors, editors, reviewers, and publishers based on the Publication Ethics Guidelines for Scientific Journals and in consideration of actual circumstances.

1. In these guidelines, "publication ethics" refers to the ethical standards, professional conduct, and behavioral norms that should be followed by all parties involved in the publication of scientific journals.
2. Academic misconduct refers to behaviors that violate academic norms and professional ethics. In mathematical academic journals, this generally includes plagiarism, data fabrication, data falsification, inappropriate authorship, duplicate submission, salami slicing, and other violations of relevant research ethics.
3. The journal rejects manuscripts with a text duplication rate exceeding 15%. Repeated content does not include reasonable quotations with cited sources.
4. Conflicts of interest refer to conflicts between secondary interests (e.g., financial interests, friendships, familial ties) and the primary interests represented by one's duties (e.g., ensuring the objectivity of research results) among different individuals or groups involved in scientific activities.

I. Author Ethics

1. Authors are responsible for the originality of their papers and must ensure that at least one of the main results or methods of proof is original. Non-original results or methods must be properly cited. Authors are also responsible for the authenticity and validity of the data, and the accuracy of the names and approval numbers of funding projects.
2. Authors must ensure that their submissions are not under consideration elsewhere, do not involve confidentiality or patent issues, and have no disputes regarding authorship.
3. Authors must adhere to the "Five Prohibitions" principle: no third parties are allowed to write, submit, or modify the content of the paper, provide false peer reviewer information, or violate authorship standards (see Articles 4–6). The authors should resist listing individuals without substantive academic contributions as authors.
4. Authors listed must have made substantial contributions to the paper, including: (i) significant contributions to the study's conception, results, or methodology; (ii) drafting or revising the intellectual content of the paper; (iii) approving the final version; (iv) taking responsibility for all aspects of the work to ensure any accuracy or integrity issues are properly investigated and resolved. Those not meeting all four criteria should not be listed as authors but can be acknowledged.
5. Author names are usually determined collectively by the authors and finalized upon submission. After submission or publication, changes to authorship or affiliations are generally not allowed. If changes are necessary, the primary author(s) must submit a written request to the editorial office with reasons, signed by all authors, including those affected by the change.
6. Typically, only one corresponding author is indicated in the paper.
7. Authors should specify their names and affiliations upon submission. The affiliations should be relevant to the research content. If not, authors must explain their contributions or provide a certificate from their institution confirming their involvement in the research.
8. When the author's institution differs from the institution where the research was conducted (e.g., after graduation, postdoctoral research, visiting scholars, collaborative research), the institution providing the research conditions and conducting the work should be listed as the primary affiliation.
9. For human research, authors must take precautions to protect participants' privacy, and the paper must not include personal identification information, including facial images.
10. If authors disagree with reviewers' comments or decisions, they may submit a written appeal to the editorial office, providing detailed explanations for each point of contention.

II. Reviewer Ethics

1. Reviewers should objectively, fairly, and impartially evaluate manuscripts while maintaining academic integrity and respecting academic freedom, without bias or discrimination based on the author's country, institution, race, religion, political beliefs, or gender, and must keep the research content confidential.
2. If reviewers lack the expertise to evaluate the content of a paper, they should decline the review invitation.
3. To ensure impartiality, reviewers should recuse themselves from reviewing if they have conflicts of interest with authors (e.g., familial, mentor-student, alumni, colleague, collaborator, competitor relationships) or consult the editorial office for advice.
4. When reviewers find the author's research similar to their own, they should avoid including unverified or malicious criticism and unsupported accusations in their reviews.
5. Reviewers should complete their reviews promptly and inform the editorial office if unable to meet the deadline, returning the review task and possibly recommending alternative reviewers. Reviewers should not delegate the review task to students, colleagues, or others without the editorial office's permission.
6. If reviewers encounter a manuscript they have reviewed before, they should inform the editorial office.

III. Editor Ethics

1. Editors should handle each manuscript fairly, impartially, and promptly, deciding on acceptance or rejection based on the paper's novelty, originality, scientific quality, timeliness, readability, research authenticity, and relevance to the journal.
2. If editors have conflicts of interest with authors (e.g., familial, mentor-student, alumni, collaborator, competitor relationships), they should recuse themselves from handling the manuscript.
3. When selecting reviewers, editors should avoid choosing those affiliated with the same institution as the authors or selecting listed authors as reviewers.
4. Editors should verify the authenticity of reviewer information for those recommended by authors and decide whether to use them based on the reviewers' expertise and potential conflicts of interest. If authors reasonably request the exclusion of certain reviewers, editors should respect this.
5. Editors should not be influenced by external interests when facilitating peer reviews and should ensure the independence and objectivity of the peer review process.
6. Editors must adhere to confidentiality principles, keeping reviewer information and the author's research content confidential.
7. Editors should provide detailed revision suggestions or reasons for rejection to authors.
8. Editors should objectively report the review status of manuscripts and refrain from personal attacks or evaluations of reviewers or authors.
9. Editors should carefully handle authors' appeals, organizing group discussions or seeking additional expert reviews if necessary.
10. Editors should remind authors of potential copyright and intellectual property issues arising from changes in authorship or affiliations.
11. Editors should prevent academic misconduct, such as duplicate submissions and redundant publications, by conducting plagiarism checks on initial submissions and accepted papers.
12. Editors should consider publishing scientifically rigorous research with negative results to avoid unnecessary replication by other scholars.

IV. Publisher Ethics

1. The journal strictly adheres to manuscript review norms, objectivity, and fairness.
2. If academic misconduct is discovered in accepted papers, the journal reserves the right to withdraw the manuscript and notify the author's institution and related journals.
3. If academic misconduct is found in published papers, the journal will retract the paper and publish a retraction statement.
4. The journal should publish and update submission guidelines for authors.
5. The journal should establish policies to manage conflicts of interest among editors, authors, reviewers, and editorial board members.

V. Implementation

These guidelines take effect from the date of publication.

Editorial Office of Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications

January 1, 2024